Aboriginal Dreamtime Myths

 

By

 

Chris Cochran

 

 

ANT3241

 

Instructor:

 

Dianna Wilson-Mosley

 

31 July, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

            This paper will be a discourse on the Aboriginal Dreamtime Myths and the mystery that surrounds the Dreamtime, Dreaming, or Vision Quest as it is sometimes referred to.  I will start out with a brief history of the Aboriginal people and then talk about how their “walkabouts” connected them to dreamtime.  Then I will talk about how the dreamtime is used as a teaching tool to pass along information from the old to the young and why vision quests are so important to the Aborigine.  Next, I will discuss a few of the different dreamtime stories and what they are all about.  At the end, I will conclude this essay with my own reflection on this experience as far as picking the topic, my participation in the group experience, and what I learned from all of this.       

There are two recognized Indigenous peoples in Australia: the Aboriginals and the Torres Strait Islanders. I will be focusing on the Dreamtime myths of the Aboriginals.  The Aboriginal people migrated from Southeast Asia to Australia between 40,000-150,000 years ago, making them one of the oldest and longest surviving cultures in the world.  They were hunter-gatherers who liked to explore and go on very long walks called “walkabouts.”  “Walkabouts” also had a spiritual meaning to the Aboriginal.  They viewed the land as sacred and their journeys became a dream journey connecting them to their ancestors and to the Dreamtime.  Much of the Dreamtime mythology has to do with creation, balancing universal forces, harmonizing, the laws of the clans, and the location of watering holes that can be found all over the desert plains of Australia.  They would recount their walkabouts in songs and pass them on through the generations, from the old to the young.  This personal form of teaching was their preferred method of education.  Sometimes it would be just one-on-one teaching.  But that is the best way to get the information across to the younger generations.   

 

The songs they used in Dreamtime were also known as “songlines” which depicted their journey through sacred pathways and would convey a spiritual message.  “The Dream Journey is the Aboriginal path to spiritual renewal because the people and the land are inseparable. These are a people in deep harmony with nature” (Internet: About Dreamtime web site on 25 Nov. 2005 http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/dailard/oceanarts/Dreamtime.html).

“The expression 'Dreamtime' is most often used to refer to the 'time before time', or 'the time of the creation of all things', while 'Dreaming' is often used to refer to an individual's or group's set of beliefs or spirituality” (Source: Indigenous Australia web site on 25 Jul. 05 http://www.dreamtime.net.au/dreaming/dreamtime.htm).  Aboriginal spirituality and beliefs are centered on creation stories.  These stories are recounted during their Dreamtime ceremonies and through oral traditions.  The stories tech how their ancestors left their mark on the land and are manifested in particular sacred sites all over Australia.

The group or tribe would be called together, sometimes with the use of the yidaki (also known as the didjeridu or didgeridoo), and tell great stories of how everything was created in a ceremonial performance.  The Yidaki would help the story teller enter an altered state of consciousness with its rhythmic sounds.  Although the story telling was generally done by the males in the clan, it was not unheard of for the women to participate as well.  During these ceremonial performances the laws and beliefs of and individual tribe were passed along to the rest of the clan.  The ceremonies were also used as a means to increase their connection to their totemic ancestor and increased the creative energy within Australia and the world.  Side note: The Yidaki origins are sacred and only known to Yolngu men of the Northern Territory.  They are believed were the creators of the Yidaki.  But we only have their word for it; there is no proof as to where or when the Yidaki came into existence.

            When Aboriginal males hit puberty, around the age of eleven to thirteen, they go through what is called, “the making of a man” ritual.  This rite of passage often involves circumcision and the breaking of the mother-son nurture bond.  It is also a time when the young male must venture out into the desert on a Vision Quest.  While on his Vision Quest he is to hunt for himself and attempt to make contact with a spirit for protection and/or to acquire a supernatural power.  Vision Quests are brought about by fasting, isolation, and extreme exposure to the elements.  Vision Quests are normally performed by male youths as a right of passage into maturity but can be performed by females from time to time.  These rites of passages by the male youth would involve them going on a walkabout for several days or even weeks with nothing more than a knife and the clothes on their backs, sometimes less.  It is during these Vision Quests that they connect with the land and their totem spirit who guides them along their journey.

Body paint and headdresses help the Australians to connect their physical bodies to the spirit world. There are many different types of Aboriginal groups within the Aboriginal community; much like the different groups of Native American Indians.  Each language group has their own type of ceremonial dress and paint scheme.  Ceremonies are group specific but can sometimes involve people from different language groups for the larger of the ceremonies.

            Ceremonies are a time for the Aboriginal people to bring gifts and raw materials to trade with each other.  They also perform songs and dances to celebrate their daily activities.  After the feast the elders meet to discuss laws and ensure the survival of the Dreaming by passing down their information to one another.  An important aspect of aboriginal stories involves where water can be found like the Sandhills and the Brock Brock stories.  So accurate are these dreamtime stories that they can even be used as a map to find the location of the watering hole talked about in the stories.  There are many others stories as well that talk about water but these two are the more popular ones.  The Sandhills tells of a watering hole that can be found along a path surrounded by many sand hills and the Brock Brock is the frog that senses the coming of the rains and comes out to sing in them.

            The land is the Aborigines’ tie to the Dreaming.  Sacred sites mark where ancestors ‘went down’ and serve as ties to ancestors.  A person’s link to one part of the land cannot be transferred to any other part.  Aboriginal worship practices all center on the land: maintaining certain sites, preserving certain species, etc.  Songs about the Dreaming are so concerned with the land that they can be used as maps, even across unfamiliar terrain.  Land is a ‘record’ of the Dreaming.

            The Aborigine’s have many different Dreamtime myths, all of which are very entertaining to watch and listen to.  Most of their stories have to deal with the animals that can be found in Australia and how they came to be.  But other myths focus on the creation of all things and the creation of their ancestors.  It is these myths that are recounted the most when they get together to pass along their knowledge to the rest of the clan.

            The reason I chose to do a paper on the Aboriginal Dreamtime Myths is because I have always been fascinated by them ever since I saw the movie “Altered States” with William Hurt.  It was a great movie that delved into the whole world of Dreamtime and Vision Quests.  In the movie, William Hurt visits an Aboriginal tribe in Australia and learns the secret to how they enter Dreamtime, or an Altered State of consciousness.  Hurt then devises a way the he too can enter this altered state without the use of any drugs.  This all takes place in a laboratory setting inside a hyperbolic chamber that was filled with salt water and warmed to the body’s temperature to mimic the feeling of weightlessness.  This was his way of entering into an altered state. 

Not to mention the fact that I was recently in contact with an Aboriginal girl from Canberra, Australia who told me about her Uncle and how he would tell her Dreamtime stories all the time when she was younger and interested in learning her heritage (Karen Lavender, July 6, 2005). 

            Our group divided up our presentation into three areas: Christianity, Australian Aboriginal Myths, and Buddhism.  We worked very well together and tried to explain a little bit about each subject in the time allotted.  Right off the bat I knew that I wanted to talk about the Australian Aboriginal Myths because I already had a working knowledge of some of the myths and how they worked.

            The thing I learned the most from this experience were the facts brought up in the other two sections of our presentation.  I did learn a little more about Aboriginal myths, but not nearly as much information as I did about Christianity and Buddhism.  I think everyone in the group did an outstanding job and I was very pleased with the final presentation of our group. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

           

Bibliography

 

 

Hume, Lynn

2002 Ancestral Power. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press

 

Parker, K. Langloh, and Johanna Lambert.

1993 Wise Women of the Dreamtime: Aboriginal Tales of the Ancestral Powers.  Rochester: Inner Traditions International

 

About Dreamtime

2005 About Dreamtime. Electronic document, http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/dailard/oceanarts/Dreamtime.html, accessed July 25, 2005.

 

Indigenous Australia

2005 Indigenous Australia. Electronic document, http://www.dreamtime.net.au/dreaming/dreamtime.htm, accessed July 25, 2005